HAVANA – When Cuba legalizes buying and selling real estate by the end of the year – as the government promised again this week – many expect a cascade of changes: higher prices, mass relocation, property taxes and a flood of money from Cubans in the United States and around the world. Private property is the nucleus of capitalism, of course, so the plan to legitimize it here in a country of slogans like “socialism or death” strikes many Cubans as jaw-dropping.  Indeed, most people expect onerous regulations and, already, the plan outlined by the state media would suppress the market by limiting Cubans to one home or apartment and requiring full-time residency. Yet even with some state control, experts say, property sales could transform Cuba more than any of the economic reforms announced by President Raul Castro’s government. 

  

哈 瓦那——当年底古巴政府使买卖不动产合法化的时候——本周政府又一次作出承诺——许多人期待着由此而起的一系列变化：更高的物价，大规模搬迁，房产税和来 自美国或者世界其他地方的古巴人的滚滚金钱。私有财产是资本主义的核心，所以不可避免的，在一个打着像”社会主义或者灭亡“口号的国家，这样的合法化计划 令许多人瞠目结舌。事实上，大多数人猜测会有苛刻的规章制度，官方媒体公布的草案中已经提到了通过限制古巴人只能有一个住处或公寓并且要求只用于居住来抑 制市场。然而专家们说即使有一些国家调控，不动产买卖将比古巴主席劳尔卡斯特罗倡导的任何经济改革更能改变古巴。

 

1  A man gets a haircut in Central Havana, July 26, 2011. The area is one of the most heavily populated of the Cuban capital since many of these old buildings have been subdivided to house multiple families. (The New York Times) 

  

1　　哈瓦多市中心一个正在理发的青年。自从这些旧房子被分配给数个家庭居住之后，这个地区已是古巴首都人口最密集的地区之一。

 

   2  People look at signs offering to exchange housing, a process known as "Permutar," (or "swap") in a park where they gather every Saturday, in Paseo del Prado, July 30, 2011. Private property is such a central tenet of capitalism that the plan to legitimize it here strikes many Cubans as jaw-dropping. (The New York Times) 

  

2　　在Paseo del Pradode，某公园中人们正在看一些房屋交换的招牌，每逢星期六他们就会聚到这里。私有财产是资本主义最核心的宗旨以至于这个合法化的计划使得许多古巴人瞠目结舌，无法接受。

 

   3  An old house that has been subdivided and is in use by several families, known as a "solar," in central Havana, July 29, 2011. Experts say that even with some state controls, property sales, announced recently by the government that some would be permitted, could transform Cuba more than any other economic reform announced by President Raul Castro's government. (The New York Times) 

  

3　　哈瓦多市区的一栋叫做”solar“的旧房子,他已经被分配给了几个家庭。专家说尽管有一些国家调控，最近政府宣布的将允许一些不动产买卖的政策将比古巴主席宣布的任何经济改革措施更有可能改变古巴。

 

   4  An image of Che Guevara on a wall of the Port Inspection Building in Old Havana, July 25, 2011. Experts say that even with some state controls, property sales, announced recently by the government that some would be permitted, could transform Cuba more than any other economic reform announced by President Raul Castro's government. (The New York Times) #

  

4　　一张哈瓦多旧城区格瓦拉的照片，画面中是一堵口岸检验大楼的墙。专家说尽管有一些国家调控，最近政府宣布的将允许一些不动产买卖的政策将比古巴主席宣布的任何经济改革措施更有可能改变古巴。

  

   5  A building in Central Havana, July 29, 2011. The area is one of the most heavily populated of the Cuban capital because many of these old buildings have been subdivided to house multiple families. Experts say that even with some state controls, property sales, announced recently by the government that some would be permitted, could transform Cuba more than any other economic reform announced by President Raul Castro's government. (The New York Times) #   

  

5　　一栋哈瓦多市区大楼。这个区域是古巴首都人口最密集的地区之一，因为许多这样的旧楼被分配给几个家庭居住。专家说尽管有一些国家调控，最近政府宣布的将允许一些不动产买卖的政策将比古巴主席宣布的任何经济改革措施更有可能改变古巴。

 

6  A grandfather, left, with his son and grandson, center, watch television in their small house where they live with four other family members in Old Havana, July 26, 2011. In the background is a makeshift partition where another room was created. (The New York Times) #  

  

6　　哈瓦多旧城区，一个爷爷（左）和他的儿子以及孙子（中间）正在他们的小房子里看电视。和他们一起居住的还有其他4名家庭成员。背景是被改造为另一个房间的临时隔间。

 

  7  Central Havana seen through a window, July 26, 2011. (The New York Times) #  

  

7　　从一扇窗户看出去的哈瓦多市区。

 

  8  Soviet-era housing complex in Alamar, near Havana, Cuba. July 30, 2011. Experts say that even with some state controls, property sales, announced recently by the government that some would be permitted, could transform Cuba more than any other economic reform announced by President Raul Castro's government. (The New York Times) #   

  

8　　古巴首都哈瓦多附近的Alamar，苏联时代的综合住宅区。专家说尽管有一些国家调控，最近政府宣布的将允许一些不动产买卖的政策将比古巴主席宣布的任何经济改革措施更有可能改变古巴。

 

9  One of several old buildings that have been restored in Old Havana, seen July 29, 2011. (The New York Times) #    

  

9　　哈瓦多旧城区几栋被修复的旧建筑之一。

  

 10  A mother and son sleep in the livingroom of their house in Central Havana, July 27, 2011. Other family members sleep in a room known as "barbacoa (the barbecue)," a windowless floor added atop their current dwelling for added space. (The New York Times) #     

  

10　　哈维的市区，一位妈妈和她的儿子正在他们房子的客厅里睡觉。其他的家庭成员睡在一个被称作”barbacoa“（烧烤？）的房间，一个在他们的临时住所上面追加的没有窗户的阁楼式的额外空间。

  

11  A woman climbs the stairs to her "barbacoa" (the barbecue), the name given to a small windowless room built on top of the main room of an apartment, carved out of an old building in Central Havana, July 26, 2011. (The New York Times) #    

  

11　　　　一位妇女正在爬“barbacoa”的楼梯，"barbacoa"是指那些被建在公寓主室顶部的没有窗户的小房间,是哈瓦多市中心旧楼房的一种改造。

  

 12  An old house that has been subdivided and is in use by several families in the Old Vedado neighborhood of Havana, July 27, 2011. Private property is such a central tenet of capitalism that the plan to legitimize it here strikes many Cubans as jaw-dropping. (The New York Times) #   

  

12　　哈瓦多附近的旧Vedado，一座已经被分配的几个家庭共用的旧房子。私有财产是资本主义最核心的宗旨以至于这个合法化的计划使得许多古巴人瞠目结舌，无法接受。

 

13  An old house that has been subdivided and is in use by several families, known as a "solar," in Old Havana, July 26, 2011. (The New York Times) #     

  

13　　哈瓦多市区的一栋被称为”solar“的旧房子,他已经被分配给了几个家庭共用。

  

14  A worn staircase in an old house that has been subdivided and is in use by several families, known as a "solar," in Old Havana, July 28, 2011. Experts say that even with some state controls, property sales, announced recently by the government that some would be permitted, could transform Cuba more than any other economic reform announced by President Raul Castro's government. (The New York Times) # 

  

14　　哈瓦多市区的一栋被称为”solar“的旧房子里面的破旧楼梯,它已经被分配给了几个家庭共用。专家说尽管有一些国家调控，最近政府宣布的将允许一些不动产买卖的政策将比古巴主席宣布的任何经济改革措施更有可能改变古巴。

  

  15  A street in Old Havana, one of the most most densely populated areas in Latin America, July 28, 2011. (The New York Times) #    

  

15　　哈瓦多旧城的一条街道，这是拉丁美洲人口最密集的地区之一。

  

 16  Children play at the entrance to a "solar", an old house subdivided into various dwellings housing several families, in Central Havana, July 30, 2011. (The New York Times) #

  

16　　哈瓦多是中心，孩子们正在某栋“solar“的门口玩耍，这栋房子已经被分配给几个家庭共同居住。